de178998-b3a0-4567-be37-66dcc67c348fAlumina, at plantMaterials productionInorganic chemicalsBefore it can be used in the manufacture of metallic aluminum, bauxite ore must be refined to nearly pure aluminum oxide, usually called alumina. The Bayer process is the preferred method for bauxite refining. Bauxite is crushed and dissolved in digesters using strong caustic soda and lime solution. The undissolved residue, known as red mud, is filtered out. Sodium aluminate remains in solution, where it is hydrolyzed and precipitated as aluminum hydroxide, which is then calcined to alumina in a rotary kiln. Red mud filtered from the digester liquid is considered solid waste in this analysis. Red mud production rates vary depending on the quality of the ore and the level of alumina recovery.Important note: although most of the data in the US LCI database has undergone some sort of review, the database as a whole has not yet undergone a formal validation process. Please email comments to lci@nrel.gov. This is a cradle-to-gate inventory generated by PE from unit process data in the U.S. LCI Database. See documentation for more information.45LCI resultAttributionalnone95.0No statement2019-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.12019-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedtrueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of thinkstep AG. thinkstep AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Aluminium oxide (alumina)Output1.01.00Mixed primary / secondaryMeasuredvaluable