928d5917-c780-4646-9e79-21c6702dc7cdLime sand brick (Kalksandsteinverband e.V.) (EN15804 A1-A3)mixing, moulding, steam curingsingle producer, at plant1200- 2600 kg/m3 raw densitySystemsConstructionThis data set contains the results for the modules A1-A3 according to EN 15804. It includes the preparation of the precursor materials through to raw material extraction and processing, their transport to the factory and the production itself, including the provision of all supplies and materials, energy, and the complete waste treatment or the residual waste during the stage of production.
A comparison with other products is only allowed by a similar application in the building. In principle, a comparison or evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all the datasets are created to be compared to EN 15804 and the product-specific features are considered.264Bundesverband Kalksandsteinindustrie e.V.
Entenfangweg 15
30419 Hannover
GermanyForeground system:
The accounted products are average sand- lime bricks in different formats. They belong to the group of steam- cured construction products. The data is representative for the production of the members of the Fededation of German Industry. An average value is calculated based on the production volume of the Federation`s plants in 2014.
The material compositions are adapted to the material properties and vary according to the fluctuation rate given in chapter 2.6 of the EPD. Other materials are not used. The raw materials (sand, quicklime and water) are gravimetrically dosed and mixed intensively. This mixture is sent to a reactor where an exothermic reaction is carried out. This ensures a complete slaking of the lime- hydrate before the next processing steps. The material out of the reactor goes to a truck agitator where water is added. The densification and moulding of the raw mass is carried out in specific presses. The blanks are automatically piled on a hardening car and transported to the hardening boiler. The creation of the final material properties is done in an autoclave steam curing process lasting 6- 12 hours, at ca. 200°C and 16 bar. In this step, calcium silicate hydrates are formed. The reaction is stopped by taking the resulting material out of the autoclave. The steam out of the curing process is re- used for the following curing cycles. The condensate produced is used as process water as far as possible.
Packaging materials used for sand- lime bricks are polyethylene foil, steel and plastic tapes and wooden pallets.
Sand- lime bricks stay in the building during the use phase. After demolition, the materials can be re- used without any restrictions related to the durability. Walled sand- lime bricks were hardly re- used until now. Sand- lime brick residues from demolition processes are according to the criteria of /LAGA/ Z 0. This means, the material is suitable for being used for construction without restrictions (e.g. as filler for earthwork, road- building, as vegetation substrate and for landfills) /Prüfberichte Dr. Wessling 2015/. Sand- lime bricks are fully recyclable. Processed sand- lime demolition material can be used for different applications according to research results: e.g. earthworks, road- building, vegetation works, landfill construction concrete works etc. /Fb 80 1994/, /Fb 86 1997/, /Fb 97 2003/, /Fb 106 2008/, /Fb 111 2010/, /Fb 115 2014/, /Fb 116 2014/, /Fb 118 2015/.
At the End- of- Life, sand- lime can be disposed on landfills of the class 0 according to /Dep V/. Waste code according to /Europäischer Abfallkatalog/ (EAKV): 17 01 01.
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Diesel mix at refineryElectricity grid mixThermal energy from LPGProcess steam from light fuel oil (LFO) 85%Process steam from natural gas 85%Lubricants at refineryCrushed sand grain 0-2 mm (EN15804 A1-A3)Sand (grain size 0/2) (EN15804 A1-A3) (undried)Gravel grain 2-32 mmGravel (Grain size 2/32) (EN15804 A1-A3)Limestone flour (CaCO3; dried)Lime (CaO; finelime) (EN15804 A1-A3)Crushed rock 16-32 mm (EN15804 A1-A3)Tap water from groundwaterConstruction waste processing (EN15804 C3)Inert matter (Construction waste) on landfillMunicipal waste water treatment (mix)Used oilHazardous waste (non-specific) (C rich, worst case scenario incl. landfill)Sodium hydrogen sulfite (data set not included in documentation)Hydrochloric acid mix (100%)Sodium chloride (rock salt)Sodium hydroxide 32% (data set not included in documentation)Trisodium phosphateWooden pallets (EURO, 40% moisture)Polyethylene Film (PE-LD) without additivesPolypropylene fibers (PP)Steel wire rodJoint gasket tape, PE/PP film (EN15804 A1-A3)Corrugated board 2015, 84,5% recycled fiber, for use in cut-off EoL Wood (natural) in waste incineration plantPaper / Cardboard in waste incineration plantPlastic Waste Incineration Plant (data set not included in documentation)Value of Scrap (data set not included in documentation)The product is used for the construction of bearing and non- bearing walls.Construction_sand lime bricksLCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - market valueAllocation - net calorific valueAllocation - exergetic contentAllocation - massForeground system: For the production of the accounted products, production data from 40 plants were available. The raw materials needed were allocated according to their formulation. For the allocation of the product- specific burdens, fuels and packaging materials were allocated by volume produced, electricity and diesel demand as well as non- allocated raw materials were allocated by mass.
Background system: For the combined heat and power production, allocation by exergetic content is applied. For the electricity generation and by-products, e.g. gypsum, allocation by market value is applied due to no common physical properties. Within the refinery allocation by net calorific value and mass is used. For the combined crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production allocation by net calorific value is applied.
For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"Foreground system: none
Background system: All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneGaBi Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Water Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Energy Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Refinery Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Agriculture Model DocumentationGaBi Land Use Change Model DocumentationCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95 % of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 98 % of their environmental relevance (according to expert judgement).
For further details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneLCI modelling is fully consistent. For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneFor details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneGaBi databasesIBU-Deklaration: Kalksandstein Bundesverband Kalksandsteinindustrie e.V. (EPD-BKS-20160002-IAE1-DE)95.0Not applicable2014NoneA1-A3: The environmental profile includes expenses for the life cycle stages cradle-to-gate (module A1-A3). The production of the packaging has been taken into account within the modules A1-A3.No statementPrimary energy from non renewable resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy from non renewable resources (net cal. value)Primary energy from renewable resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy from renewable resources (net cal. value)Primary energy demand from ren. and non ren. resources (net cal. value)Primary energy demand from ren. and non ren. resources (gross cal. value)TRACI 2.1, Ecotoxicity (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, Resources, Fossil fuelsTRACI 2.1, Human Health Particulate AirUSEtox, Ecotoxicity (recommended)USEtox, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Ozone Depletion AirTRACI 2.1, Smog AirUSEtox, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)Total freshwater consumption (including rainwater)Blue water consumptionBlue water useTotal freshwater useResource depletion water, midpoint (v1.06)Resource depletion, mineral, fossils and renewables, midpoint (v1.06)Climate change midpoint, incl biogenic carbon (v1.06)Particulate matter/Respiratory inorganics midpoint (v1.06)Acidification midpoint (v1.06)Eutrophication terrestrial midpoint (v1.06)Climate change midpoint, excl biogenic carbon (v1.06)ReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Freshwater ecotoxicityAnthropogenic Abiotic Depletion Potential (AADP), TU BerlinReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, AcidificationTRACI 2.1, EutrophicationEutrophication freshwater midpoint (v1.06)Ionizing radiation midpoint, human health (v1.06)Eutrophication marine midpoint (v1.06)Ozone depletion midpoint (v1.06)Photochemical ozone formation midpoint, human health (v1.06)Ecotoxicity freshwater midpoint (v1.06)Human toxicity midpoint, cancer effects (v1.06)Human toxicity midpoint, non-cancer effects (v1.06)UBP 2013, Global warmingUBP 2013, Pesticides into soilUBP 2013, Radioactive waste to depositUBP 2013, Radioactive substances into airUBP 2013, Water resourcesUBP 2013, Energy resourcesUBP 2013, Water pollutantsUBP 2013, Heavy metals into soilUBP 2013, Mineral resourcesUBP 2013, POP into waterUBP 2013, Radioactive substances into waterUBP 2013, Carcinogenic substances into airUBP 2013, Heavy metals into airUBP 2013, Land useUBP 2013, Heavy metals into waterUBP 2013, Main air pollutantsUBP 2013, Ozone layer depletionUBP 2013, Non radioactive waste to depositReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP100, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP50, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightUBP 2013, Global warming, incl Land Use ChangeIPCC AR5 GWP100, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP20, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP50, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightUBP 2013, Global warming, Land Use Change onlyReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, LUC only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Photochem. Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), Land Use Change only, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Eutrophication Potential (EP)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (FAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Acidification Potential (AP)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (MAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), excl bio. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), incl bio. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Terrestric Ecotoxicity Potential (TETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Human Toxicity Potential (HTP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years), excl biogenic carbonCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Abiotic Depletion (ADP elements)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Abiotic Depletion (ADP fossil)The LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040, 14044 and EN15804. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.
thinkstepOverall quality according to different validation schemes
GaBi = 1,3 interpreted into "very good overall quality" in the GaBi quality validation schemeThe EPD has been verified by an independent reviewer, who was organized by the IBU.IBUGaBi conformity systemFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantNot definedThis background LCI data set can be used for any types of LCA studies.thinkstep2019-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.1thinkstepNo official approval by producer or operator2019-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedtrueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of thinkstep AG. thinkstep AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Product packedOutput1009.1481796891009.1481796890Mixed primary / secondaryMeasuredvaluable