0860c140-a647-4fbe-a7a2-1d4e570affbdSteel screw - EJOT (A1-A3)hot and cold extrusionsingle producer, at plant7850 kg/m3, length 13- 300 mm, seal disc diameter 11 - 29 mmsteel fixing materialSystemsConstructionThis data set contains the results for the modules A1-A3 according to EN 15804. It includes the preparation of the precursor materials through to raw material extraction and processing, their transport to the factory and the production itself, including the provision of all supplies and materials, energy, and the complete waste treatment or the residual waste during the stage of production.
A comparison with other products is only allowed by a similar application in the building. In principle, a comparison or evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all the datasets are created to be compared to EN 15804 and the product-specific features are considered.286EJOT Baubefestigungen GmbH
In der Stockwiese 35
57334 Bad Laasphe
GermanyForeground system:
Description of the product
Thread- rolling screws are fixing- materials for metal profiles to be attached to their respective sub- constructions. They form non- cutting female threads. It is differed between screws with and without drill- bit. Depending on the application, they are faced with an anticorrosion layer and a sliding layer. Further, they are often equipped with steel, stainless steel or EPDM rubber seal discs.
Manufacturing
The screws are manufactured by a multistep cold and hot extrusion process. The starting material is delivered in form of wire on spools which is then unwinded and straightened. The forming steps such as head forming, shearing and compression are carried out individually. The threat is rolled without stock removal. If desired, the screw is faced with a drill- bit. Between individual mechanical processing steps, the screws are cleaned with continuous batch washers. Depending on the intended application, they are thermally hardened. The surface is galvanized and sliding coated. Depending on the dimensions of the screw, the production rate can exceed 300 pieces per minute.
Packaging
As packaging material, paper/ cardboard is used. In case of large orders, wooden pallets are used.
End- of- Life
Thread- rolling screws can easily be dismantled and sent to recycling. A reuse is theoretically possible but not recommended, because the sliding- layer can be destroyed if the screw is once fixed.
Disposal
The disposal of thread- rolling screws can be done individually or together with rebuilding the constroction elements (walls). The material is disposed according to the waste disposal guidelines.
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Thread- rolling screws with or without a drill- bit are used, if the fixation can only be carried out one- sided and thread-cutting can be waived. This is mostly the case for thin- walled construction elements in industrial lightweight constructions.LCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - market valueAllocation - net calorific valueAllocation - exergetic contentAllocation - massForeground system: The production data were allocated by mass according to the yearly production rate. Raw material and energy were calculated according to the respective allocation key. Secondary steel in the production phase is saturated by looping back steel scrap out of the production and End- of- Life. The rest of the steel scrap is credited according to the calculated netto amount of scrap.
Background system: For the combined heat and power production, allocation by exergetic content is applied. For the electricity generation and by-products, e.g. gypsum, allocation by market value is applied due to no common physical properties. Within the refinery allocation by net calorific value and mass is used. For the combined crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production allocation by net calorific value is applied.
For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"Foreground system: none
Background system: All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneGaBi Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Water Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Energy Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Refinery Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Agriculture Model DocumentationGaBi Land Use Change Model DocumentationCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95 % of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 98 % of their environmental relevance (according to expert judgement).
For further details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneLCI modelling is fully consistent. For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneFor details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneGaBi databasesIBU-Deklaration EJOT Baubefestigung, Gewindefurchende Schrauben aus Stahl (EPD-EJO-20140112-IBC1-DE)95.0Not applicableAdjustNoneA1-A3: The environmental profile includes expenses for the life cycle stages cradle-to-gate (module A1-A3). The production of the packaging has been taken into account within the modules A1-A3.No statementCML2001 - Nov. 2010, Photochem. Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Eutrophication Potential (EP)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Acidification Potential (AP)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Abiotic Depletion (ADP fossil)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Abiotic Depletion (ADP elements)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Acidification Potential (AP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Photochem. Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Eutrophication Potential (EP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Abiotic Depletion (ADP fossil)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Abiotic Depletion (ADP elements)The LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040, 14044 and EN15804. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.
thinkstepOverall quality according to different validation schemes
GaBi = 1,3 interpreted into "very good overall quality" in the GaBi quality validation schemeThe EPD has been verified by an independent reviewer, who was organized by the IBU.IBUGaBi conformity systemFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantNot definedThis background LCI data set can be used for any types of LCA studies.thinkstep2019-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.1thinkstepNo official approval by producer or operator2019-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedtrueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of thinkstep AG. thinkstep AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Steel screwOutput1.01.00Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivationvaluable